éå»ã®èšºæã®è¿œæ€ã»æ¹å€ç芳ç¹ããã®å蚺æ
âçºéé害ïŒASDïŒã¢ã¹ãã«ã¬ãŒçå矀ïŒ/ADHD æ€æ»ãšéå¥ã¡ãã¥ãŒïŒäž»ã«é幎æ人ïœå€§äººåãïŒã®ãã¹ãŠã§ã€
â¡ïŒïŒãã¬è©äŸ¡ïŒäºåã«ãéãããå¿çæ€æ»ã»çºéæ€æ»ã«åçè¿éããŠããã ããå蚺ããåããããã©ããã®ãã¬è©äŸ¡ãè¡ãã
â
â¡ïŒïŒå蚺åä»ïŒããã«å蚺ã»å蚺ã»èšºå¯ã»æ€æ»
â
â¡ïŒïŒå°å粟ç¥ç§ã³ã³ãµã«ïŒïŒä»¶ç®ã®ã¡ã³ã¿ã«ã¯ãªããã¯ïŒç²Ÿç¥ç§ïŒã«ãŠWAISâ ¢åã³è³æ³¢æ€æ»
â»WAISâ ¢ã»è³æ³¢æ€æ»ã¯ãã¢ã¹ãã«ã¬ãŒçå矀ã®ç¢ºå®ã«ã¯ããããç¹ã«å¿ èŠãªæ€æ»ãšèšºæããã»ã¹ã§ãã
â
â¡ïŒïŒã»ã«ã³ããªãããªã³/ãã¡ã€ãã«ãªãããªã³ïŒïŒä»¶ç®ã®å¿çå ç§ã«ãŠãå šæ€æ»çµæãšïŒä»¶ã®æèŠãããšã«ç²Ÿæ»ããã¡ã€ãã«ãªãããªã³ããããã
âæ€æ»ã»èšºæé¢é£
âæè²çè²é¢é£
âãã®ä»äžè¬
âçã»å°åã®çºéæ¯æŽã»ã³ã¿ãŒã«ãŠãèªæ²»äœæå®ã®åå»ã«ãã£ãŠèšåºèšºæãæ¢ã«ã€ããŠããå Žåã®åæ€ã¡ãã¥ãŒïŒäž»ã«ïŒïŒæ³ïœäžé«çåãïŒãã¹ãŠã§ã€ãâ»çŸåšã¯äºçŽè¶ éã®ããéºäŒåæ€æ»åžæã®æ¹ã®ã¿å¯Ÿè±¡ã§ã
ïŒãã§ã€ãºïŒãä¹å·ããã«ã¯ãªããã¯çŠå²¡ã§ã®ãã©ã€ããªèšºæïŒãããååã
ã¹ãããïŒã幌å æã»å ç«¥æã®å ååã³çŸåšãŸã§ã®é£ç¶æ§è©äŸ¡ ããããããïŒæ³ãŸã§ã®å¹Œå æã®å ååæ€ã M-CHAT ããããããïŒæ³ãŸã§ã®å°å æã®å ååæ€ãšçŸåšãŸã§ã®é£ç¶æ§è©äŸ¡ã ASQ ïŒåœç«ç¹ç·ç åŒïŒ ã¹ãããïŒãç¥èœã»åŠç¿èœåã»å šè¬çåå¥çãªé ã®è¯ãã®æ€æ» ããããããè€åç¥èœæ€æ»
ããããããå®è¡æ©èœæ€æ»ã»äœæ¥èœåæ€æ» ããããããåŠç¿èœåæ€æ»ã PRS/LDI-R ã¹ãããïŒãçŸæç¹ã§ã®ã³ãã¥ãã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ã»ç€ŸäŒæ§ã»ã€ããžããŒã·ã§ã³æèŠãããã¡ã€ã« ãããããã SCQ 芳å¯è è©äŸ¡åŒïŒä¿è·è ã»é€è²è ãåäŸãè©äŸ¡ïŒ
 ããããããSCQ 芳å¯è è©äŸ¡åŒïŒæ ä»»æåž«ã»å®¶åºæåž«çã®æè²æ ä»»è ãåäŸãè©äŸ¡ïŒ
ãããããã SRS-2  察人å¿çæ§å°ºåºŠïŒä¿è·è ã»é€è²è ãåäŸãè©äŸ¡ïŒ
ããããããSRS-2  察人å¿çæ§å°ºåºŠïŒæ ä»»æåž«ã»å®¶åºæåž«çã®æè²æ ä»»è ãåäŸãè©äŸ¡ïŒ
ãããããã AASP æèŠãããã¡ã€ã«ïŒåäŸãèªåã§èªåãè©äŸ¡ãâ»ãã ãåäŸã®ç¥èœã»ç解åãéåžžã«é«ãå Žåã«éãïŒ ãããããã CARS èªéçè©äŸ¡å°ºåºŠ
ããããã ãA-ASD 芳å¯è è©äŸ¡åŒïŒä¿è·è ã»é€è²è ãåäŸãè©äŸ¡ïŒ
           A-ASDïŒåäŸãèªåã§èªåãè©äŸ¡ãâ»ãã ãåäŸã®ç¥èœã»ç解åãéåžžã«é«ãå Žåã«éãïŒ ãããããã S-M 瀟äŒç掻èœåæ€æ» ã¹ãããïŒã ADHD å䜵é€å€ãŸãã¯å䜵åŸåæ€æ» ãããããã WHO äžçä¿å¥æ©é¢åŒ ASRS ïŒåäŸãèªåã§èªåãè©äŸ¡ïŒ ãããããã CAARS 芳å¯è è©äŸ¡åŒïŒä¿è·è ã»é€è²è ãåäŸãè©äŸ¡ïŒ ãããããã CAARS 芳å¯è è©äŸ¡åŒïŒæ ä»»æåž«ã»å®¶åºæåž«çã®æè²æ ä»»è ãåäŸãè©äŸ¡ïŒ
            A-ADHD 芳å¯è è©äŸ¡åŒïŒä¿è·è ã»é€è²è ãåäŸãè©äŸ¡ïŒ ãããããã A-ADHD ïŒåäŸãèªåã§èªåãè©äŸ¡ãâ»ãã ãåäŸã®ç¥èœã»ç解åãéåžžã«é«ãå Žåã«éãïŒ ã¹ãããïŒãASD åæ§é å蚺æé¢æ¥è³ªåãã¬è©äŸ¡ïŒ PARS-R)
           ADHDåæ§é å蚺æé¢æ¥è³ªåãã¬è©äŸ¡ïŒDIVA or CAADIDïŒ
            ADOSçºéé害èšåºè¡å芳å¯ã«æºãã幌å ã»å ç«¥ã®è¡å芳å¯ã»å®¶åºèšªå ã¹ãããïŒã ADI-R ã ASD èªéçã¹ãã¯ãã©ã åæ§é å蚺æé¢æ¥ ãããããã DIVA ãŸã㯠CAADID ã ADHD åæ§é å蚺æé¢æ¥
ïŒãã§ã€ãºïŒãå°å粟ç¥ç§ã³ã³ãµã«ã»è³æ³¢æ€æ»ïŒãããååã äžèšã®æ€æ»çµæãšãã©ã€ããªèšºææèŠãïŒä»¶ç®ã®å°éå»ã«è»¢éããæç»ãã¹ãçã®ããŒãœããªãã£æ€æ»ïŒæ±å€§ç é¢ç²Ÿç¥ç§ãããã®çºé蚺çéšã®ããã°ã©ã ã§ã¯ãç¹ã«ãã®éšåãéèŠããŠããŸããïŒåã³è³æ³¢æ€æ»ãšå°å粟ç¥ç§ã³ã³ãµã«ïŒã»ã«ã³ããªãããªã³ã®ãããªãã®ïŒãåããã
ïŒãã§ã€ãºïŒããã¡ã€ãã«ãªãããªã³ïŒãããååã äžèšãã§ã€ãºïŒåã³ïŒã®å šæ€æ»çµæãšïŒä»¶ã®èšºææèŠãïŒä»¶ç®ã®å°éå»ã«è»¢éããã¡ã€ãã«ãªãããªã³ãåããããã®ãã§ã€ãºïŒã«è³ããŸã§ã®æ®µéã§æ±å€§ã»ä¹å€§ã®åäŸã®çºéå€æ¥ã§åããæ€æ»ã¯å ¥é¢è¡å芳å¯æ€æ»ä»¥å€ã¯ã»ãŒç¶²çŸ ããŠããã®ã§ãæ€æ»æŒããæ€èšæŒãã¯ãŸããããŸããã
â ASD vs ADHDãããååã ã 2014 幎ãã蚺æåºæºïŒ DSM-5 ïŒã«å€æŽãããã ASD ãš ADHD ã䜵åæ±ãããããšãã§ããããã«ãªããŸãããçŸåšã®å»çå¶åºŠåã³åŠæ¹å¶åºŠäžã ASD åç¬æ±ãã®å Žåã¯äºå®äžæ²»çæ³ãç¡ããšããæ±ãã®ããããã®åŸã®é²åŠé²è·¯ãé«çæè²åŠæ¥æ¯æŽã®äžã§å€§ããªæ¯éãã§ãŸãããã®ãããå€å°ã§ãã泚ææ¬ é¥ãããå€åæ§è¡åæ§ãã®çç¶ãããå Žåã«ã¯ãããããããŠåãäžããŠã ADHD å䜵çãããæ®ããŠãããæ¹ãããå ŽåããããŸãããã®ããã«äžèšïŒãã§ã€ãºïŒã®ã¹ãããïŒïŒã«ãããŠå¿µå ¥ãã« ADHD ã®è¿œå æ€æ»ãããããã«ããã°ã©ã ãæ§æããŠããŸãã
ãç¹ã«ãç¥èœãé«ãå匷ã»ç 究ãé 匵ã ASD/ ã¢ã¹ãã«ã¬ãŒçå矀ã®ãåæ§ã®å Žåã«ã¯ãå³å¯ã«ã¯ASD é©å¿ã§ã¯ãªããšãã ADHD ã®ãè¬ãããå¹ãããšãå€ããããŸãããååã
âè³æ³¢æ€æ»ãå¿ èŠãªçç± ASD/ADHD ã®ãåæ§ã¯åŠå¹Žãäžããã«åŸã£ãŠé çã»ç¡ç é害ã»èµ·ç«æ§é害ã®ãããªçç¶ãè¡šçŸããããã«ãªãããšãå€ããããŸããããã«åããŠãå ç«¥æã»åŠéœ¢æã®ç¶æ ãã©ãã§ãã£ããèšé²ãå°æ¥ã®ç¶æ ãšæ¯èŒããããã«ãè³æ³¢æ€æ»ãæ€æ»é ç®ã«å ¥ããŠããŸããããååã
âå®æœããæ€æ»ã®åæšéžæã æ€æ»ããéããããå®æœãããããåã«ã ãããã®æ€æ»å 容ã®çµã¿åãããéžå®ããŠããŸãããã¬ã¹ãã³ã¹ãšçµæã®ç¶æ³æ¬¡ç¬¬ã«ãã£ãŠãå 容ã®å€æŽã»å¢æžã¯ãã°ãã°ããããŸãã
â蚺æåŸæè²çžè«ã»å匷åŠç¿ç 究çžè«ã»é²è·¯é²åŠçžè«ãããååã 蚺æåŸã¯ã ABA/TEACCH çã®å®¶åºå ã§ã®åçµã¿æ¹æ³ãé²è·¯é²åŠã»å匷æ³çã«ã€ããŠã®çžè«ãè¡ããŸããç¶ç¶çãªçµé芳å¯ãšæè¬æ²»çã»ç掻調æŽã®å¥åè©äŸ¡ã«ã€ããŠã¯ããã¡ã€ãã«ãªãããªã³ã®å çã«çµéã蚺ãŠãããããšãå€ãã§ããããšã¯ãã£ããå匷ãšç 究ãããã°ã£ãŠãã ããã
âæ€æ»ã»èšºæé¢é£
âæè²çè²é¢é£
âãã®ä»äžè¬
ã泚æ
é幎æ人/倧人ããšãªïŒãã®çºéé害å°éå€æ¥/æèœå€æ¥ã¯åºæ¬çã«ã¯é幎æ人/倧人ããšãªãã¡ã€ã³ã®å¯Ÿè±¡ã«ããå€æ¥ã§ããåäŸåãã®ã¡ãã¥ãŒãšãµãŒãã¹ããããŸãããæ¬æ¥ã¯é幎æ人/倧人ããšãªã®æ¹ãã¡ã€ã³ã®å¯Ÿè±¡å±€ãšããŠå¯Ÿå¿ããŠãããŸãããã ããã¡ã€ã³ã®å蚺ãé幎æ人/倧人ããšãªã®æ¹ã®å Žåã§ã䜵ããŠãã®ãåæ§ããå åŒå§åŠ¹æ§ã蚺ãããŠããã ãããšã¯åé¡ãããŸããããååã
ææ¥æïŒææ¥æã®å Žåã¯ãé幎æ人/倧人ããšãªãšæ¯ã¹ãŠå®æœããæ€æ»ã®çš®é¡ãå€ãã§ãããæŠãé幎æ人ã«æºããŠå¯Ÿå¿ããŠãããŸãã
åäŸãã©ã/å ç«¥çåŸïŒ
ïŒïŒãªãã·ãã·ã³æ²»çãåããããçºéé害å€æ¥ã¯ãæ±äº¬ã®å€§åŠç é¢å°éå€æ¥ã®æ°Žæºä»¥äžã®æ€æ»äœå¶ãšé«åºŠãªæ²»çæ³çŸ€ãæããŠãããšããæ§è³ªã®ãããããçšåºŠçµæžçã«äœè£ãããæ¹ãçµæžçã«è±ããªå®¶åºã®ãåæ¯ããŸã»ãæ¯å¥³ããŸã察象ã«ããŠããŸããçµæžçãªäœè£ããªããã°ã粟å¯ãªèšºæãããŠããã®åŸã®æ²»çãšæè²çæ¯æŽãç¶ããŸããããååã
ïŒïŒæ²»çãåãããã家åºã®ãåæ¯ããŸã»ãæ¯å¥³ããŸã«ã€ããŠã¯ãå°åŠçã®å Žåã¯äžåŠåéšäºå®ã®æ¹ïŒããŒãã£ã³ã°ã¹ã¯ãŒã«ãå«ãïŒãäžåŠç以äžã®å Žåã¯å€§åŠä»¥äžã®é«çæè²èª²çšã«é²åŠãããæ¹(åºæ¬çã«ã¯å€§åŠé¢/graduate schoolãŸã§é²åŠããæ¹)ãåæãšããŠããŸããé«åã§å°±åŽãããšããããããããšã¯æ³å®ããŠãããŸããïŒæ³å®IQ WISC-â £ 120çšåºŠä»¥äžããã€ãäžäœå°ºåºŠã§110ãäžåããã®ããªãããšïŒããååã